A job scam, otherwise known as employment fraud, is a fraudulent scheme where criminals pose as employers or recruitment agencies to deceive job seekers. These scams can take various forms (as we explain below), but their ultimate goal is to either steal money, personal details, or both.

Scammers often use fake job listings, impersonate reputable companies, or contact victims directly through social media, emails, and even job boards. Victims may be asked to pay upfront fees for training, provide sensitive personal information, or accept fraudulent job offers that lead to financial loss.

These scams do not just target those actively searching for work. Some fraudsters contact people out of the blue with unsolicited job offers, making the opportunity seem too good to pass up.

Job scams can take different forms, but they usually follow a similar pattern. Here are some of the most common tactics used by fraudsters:
1. Fake Job Listings – Scammers post job adverts on recruitment websites, social media, or even through email, offering high salaries or flexible work-from-home opportunities. These listings may lead to phishing websites or demand upfront payments.
2. Unsolicited Job Offers – If you receive an unexpected job offer without applying, be cautious. Scammers often reach out through WhatsApp, LinkedIn, or TikTok, promising well-paid roles that require little to no experience.
3. Upfront Fees – Fraudulent recruiters may ask for a registration fee, training cost, or background check payment before hiring you. Legitimate employers never request money to secure a job.
4. Requests for Personal Information – Scammers may ask for bank details, passport copies, or National Insurance numbers under the guise of processing your application. This information is often used for identity theft.
5. Fake Interview Processes – Some scams involve phony interviews conducted via WhatsApp or Telegram, where candidates are asked to pay for software, materials, or courses before they can start work.